T (Randox Laboratories, Antrim, United kingdom), while leptin was analyzed using a Leptin ELISA kit (R D Systems, Minneapolis, USA). Serum levels of cholesterol, triacylglycerol, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were determined by colorimetry employing the BT 3000 gear from Wiener laboratories.HOMA and R-QUICKIHomeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA) index was calculated as follows: [fasting insulin (ng/ml) ?fasting glucose (mM)]/22.5. A high HOMA index denotes low insulin sensitivity [65], even though it really should be acknowledged that the HOMA model has not been validated for use in animal models [66]. The Revised Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Verify Index (R-QUICKI) is an additional equation to assess insulin sensitivity [28]. This index was calculated as following: [1/log fasting insulin (mU/ml) + log fasting glucose (mg/dl) + log NEFA (mmol/l)] [28].de Almeida et al. Lipids in Health and Illness 2015, 13:200 lipidworld/content/13/1/Page 11 ofexperimental diets and helped draft the manuscript. JOAC, LGR, EPSC, PCL, EGM and JG provided technical support, helped to interpret data and draft the manuscript. MASG and FCFL assisted with cow feeding and milk collection, production and analysis of experimental butter and diets and helped to draft the manuscript. RMGG oversaw all elements of the experiments, helped to interpret data and drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Acknowledgements Authors are thankful to Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Coordination of Improvement of Greater Education Personnel (CAPES), National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Improvement (CNPq), Foundation for Investigation Assistance with the Minas Gerais State (GDF-8 Protein Source FAPEMIG) and Federal Wnt8b Protein supplier University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF) for the economic grants to carry out this operate. Author details 1 Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 2Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 3Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. four Department of Physiological Sciences, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 5Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 6Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Received: 21 July 2014 Accepted: four December 2014 Published: 22 December 2014 References 1. Danaei G, Finucane MM, Lu Y, Singh GM, Cowan MJ, Paciorek CJ, Lin JK, Farzadfar F, Khang Y, Stevens GA, Rao M, Ali MK, Riley LM, Robinson CA, Majid Ezzati M: National, regional, and international trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence because 1980: systematic evaluation of overall health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and two.7 million participants. Lancet 2011, 378:31?0. 2. World Health Organization, Diabetes: who.int/mediacentre/ factsheets/fs312/en/. three. Shaw JE, Sicree RA, Zimmet PZ: Global estimates on the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Prac 2010, 87:four?4. 4. Kaur J: A Complete Review on Metabolic Syndrome. Cardiol Res Pract 2014, 2014 ID 943162: 21 pages. 5. Bhattacharya A, Banu J, Rahman M, Causey J, Fernandes G: Biological effects of conjugated linoleic acids in health and illness. J Nutr Biochem 2006, 17:789?ten. 6. Wang YW, Jones PJH: Conjugated linoleic acid and obesi.
